Propilen oksidipropilenning muhim hosilasi bo'lib, har yili propilen oksidi ishlab chiqarishda propilenning taxminan 7 foizi ishlatiladi. Hozirgi vaqtda dunyoda propilen oksidining asosiy sanoat ishlab chiqarish usullari xlorlash va ko{1}}oksidlanishdir, ular orasida ko{2}}oksidlanish etilbenzol ko-va izobutan ko{{4}ga bo'linadi. }}oksidlanish. So'nggi yillarda izopropilbenzol oksidlanish usuli va vodorod periksni to'g'ridan-to'g'ri oksidlanish usuli muvaffaqiyatli ishlab chiqildi va ketma-ket sanoatlashtirildi va oksidlovchi sifatida kisloroddan foydalangan holda to'g'ridan-to'g'ri oksidlanish usuli ham ishlab chiqilmoqda. Quyida bir nechta maxsus Propilen oksidi ishlab chiqarish jarayonini joriy qilish kerak
1. Xlorgidrin usuli
2. Ko{1}}oksidlanish usuli
3. Bevosita oksidlanish usuli
Xlorgidrin usuli
The chlor-alcohol process has a long history of production and has been industrialized for more than 60 years. The main process of the chlor-alcohol method is the chlorination of propylene, lime milk saponification and product refining, which is characterized by a mature production process, flexible operating load, good selectivity, the purity of the raw material propylene requirements are not high, which can improve the safety of production and low investment in construction. Due to the low investment in fixed assets and low product cost, its products have strong cost competitiveness. Today, about 40 percent of the world's production capacity of propylene oxide is chlorhydrin.
The disadvantage of the chlor-alcohol method is the consumption of water resources, generating a large amount of wastewater and waste residue, each production of 1t Propylene oxide produces 40 50t of chlorinated saponification wastewater and more than 2t of waste residue, the wastewater has a high temperature, high pH, high chlorine content, high COD content and high suspended matter content of the "five high " characteristics, difficult to treat. At the same time, the chlorine alcohol method also consumes a large amount of energy-intensive chlorine and lime raw materials, while chlorine and calcium are discharged in the wastewater and waste sludge, and the hypochlorite produced during the production process is also serious corrosion of the equipment.
Ko-oksidlanish usuli
Ko-Oksidlanish usuli, shuningdek, Xaakon usuli sifatida ham tanilgan, 2 xil izobutan ko-Oksidlanish usuli va etilbenzol ko-Oksidlanish usulini o'z ichiga oladi, ular birgalikda-Oksidlanish reaksiyalaridir. izobutan yoki etilbenzoldan propilen bilan tert-butanol yoki stirol hosil qiladi va bir vaqtning oʻzida propilen oksidi-birga ishlab chiqariladi.
The co-oxidation method overcomes the disadvantages of the chlor-alcohol method, such as high corrosion and sewage, and has the advantages of low production cost and less environmental pollution. Since its industrialization in 1969, it has developed rapidly worldwide, and today, the capacity of the co-oxidation method of propylene oxide has accounted for about 55 percent of the world's total capacity.
Ko-oksidlanish jarayonining kamchiliklari jarayonning uzoq davom etishi, xom ashyoning ko‘p navlari, yuqori propilen tozaligi talablari, jarayonning yuqori bosim ostida ishlashi, asbob-uskunalar materiallarida asosan qotishma po‘latdan foydalanish, uskunaning yuqori narxi va qurilishga katta investitsiyalar kiradi. Shu bilan birga, propilen oksidi ishlab chiqarishda ko-oksidlanish, faqat oz miqdorda ko-mahsulotlar, har bir tonna propilen oksidi 2,2 2,5t stirol yoki-hosil qilish uchun 2.3t test-butanol, xomashyo manbalari va bir-biriga nisbatan mahsulot sotish cheklovlari to'g'ri hal qilinishi kerak, faqat propilen oksidi va qo'{10}}mahsulotlarning bozor talabi jarayonning afzalliklariga mos kelishini aniqlash mumkin. Bundan tashqari, ko-oksidlanish usulida hosil boʻladigan chiqindi suvning COD nisbatan yuqori boʻlib, tozalash xarajatlari umumiy investitsiyalarning taxminan 10 foizini tashkil qiladi.
To'g'ridan-to'g'ri oksidlanish
Lyondell vodorod va kislorod bilan vodorod peroksid ishlab chiqarish uchun palladiy va titan silikatidan iborat ikki funksiyali katalizator yordamida propilen, vodorod va kislorodni propilen oksidiga aylantirish uchun to'g'ridan-to'g'ri oksidlanish texnologiyasini ishlab chiqmoqda va keyin darhol propilenni propilen oksidiga aylantirmoqda. jarayon bitta reaktorda yakunlanadi. Jarayon hali sinov bosqichida.
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